Case Studies: SOURCE Global, PBC (formerly Zero Mass Water, Inc.)

For photos and more details about each case study please go to the links listed as the "public information sources".
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Case 1: Musenga Vhaadzimu Primary School, Johannesburg, South Africa
Location: ​Diepsloot Township, Johannesburg, South Africa
Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 45 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 220 L/day
Challenges met:
  • ​Reliable drinking-water supply for the primary school
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 2: Rockin' Appalachian Mom Project (RAMP), Martin County, Kentucky, USA
Location: Martin County, Kentucky, USA
Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 10 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 50 L/day
Challenges met:
  • 3,000 bottles of water per month are now available for impoverished families in Martin County
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
  • http://www.rampamerica.org [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 3: Atauro, Timor-Leste
Location: Atauro, Timor-Leste
Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 80 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 400 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Overcame fresh water scarcity and reliance on importing water in plastic bottles 
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 4: International Justice Mission, Vellore, India
Location: Vellore, India
​Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 8 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 40 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Provide safe drinking water for 10 families in village of Athiyanam
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 5: University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
Location: Kingston, Jamaica
Installation completion date: circa 2018
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 20 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 100 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Produces 3,000 L of drinking water per month for staff and patients at the hospital; avoids use of plastic water bottles
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 6: Home in Denmark, South Carolina, USA
Location: Denmark, South Carolina, USA
Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • The community drinking water supply was confirmed, by a water quality expert, to have "dangerous levels of contamination". The SOURCE Hydropanels supply safe drinking water directly to the home's kitchen sink.
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 7: Adaptive Training Foundation (Gymnasium), Dallas, Texas, USA
Location: Dallas, Texas, USA
​Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Reduce plastic water bottle waste
  • Dispenser accessible to athletes
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 8: World Central Kitchen, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Location: San Juan, Puerto Rico
Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • 2-Hydropanel array at a greenhouse provides an off-grid water source to provide potable water to help make the community more resilient after hurricanes
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-17]
Case 9: Crest Watersports Centre, Pyrgos, Cyprus
Location: Pyrgos, Cyprus
Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Drinking water for staff  avoids using single-use plastic drinking-water bottles (about 20 500-mL bottles per day or 7,200 bottles per year)
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-18]
Case 10: Riverland Bio Farm, Kampia, Cyprus
Location: Kampia, Cyprus
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Drinking water for staff  avoids using single-use plastic drinking-water bottles (about 40 500-mL bottles per day or 14,400 bottles per year)
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-18]
Case 11: Murrurundi Primary School, Murrurundi, New South Wales, Australia
Location: Murrurundi, New South Wales, Australia
Installation completion date: Unknown
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 10 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 50 L/day
Challenges met:
  • The closest drinking water source was 50 km from the school so transportation was a problem. The alternative was to buy water in plastic bottles.
  • Drinking water for students, parents, and community members is now provided by the SOURCE Hydropanels. 
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 12: The Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
Location: Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Provided a sustainable drinking water supply as an example to follow.
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 13: Hurstville Aquatic Leisure Centre, Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia
Location: Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 8 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 40 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Reduced need for gymnasium users to bring water in single-use plastic bottles.
​​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 14: Buttah Windee Community, Meekatharra, Western Australia
Location: Meekatharra, Western Australia
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 6 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 30 L/day
​Challenges met:
  • The rural community's water supply was contaminated by uranium.
  • People in the community were faced with moving to another location.
  • Residents became self-sufficient in terms of their drinking-water supply.
​​​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/2/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 15: The Paseo, Apache Junction, Arizona, USA 
Location: Apache Junction, Arizona, USA ​
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Deliver drinking water to a tap for customers
​​​​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/3/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 16: Home in Cornelius, Oregon, USA
Location: ​Cornelius, Oregon, USA
​​Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • No longer need to monitor water quality of the well on the property and be subject to power outages preventing pumping of well water. ​
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/3/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 17: Home in Seattle, Washington, USA 
Location: Seattle, Washington, USA
Installation completion date: Unknown
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Provide home-owner with an autonomous drinking-water supply
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/3/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 18: Netatech Oasis Living Lab, Kranji, Singapore
Location: Kranji, Singapore
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Ended need to buy water in single-use plastic bottles.
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/3/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 19: Home in Berkeley, California, USA
Location: Berkeley, California, USA
Installation completion date: Unknown
​​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
​Challenges met:
  • Provide home-owner with an autonomous drinking-water supply
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/3/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 20: Green School, Bali, Indonesia
Location: Bali, Indonesia
Installation completion date: Unknown
​​​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 6 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 30 L/day
​Challenges met:
  • Provide school with an autonomous drinking-water supply and learning experience for students
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/4/ [accessed 2019-10-21]
Case 21: Petros Primary School, Tanna, Vanuatu
Location: Tanna, Vanuatu
Installation completion date: Unknown
​​​​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 20 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 100 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Rainwater harvesting structures and water infrastructure was largely destroyed in 2015 by Cyclone Pam​
  • Residents became dependent on water from relief agencies and rainwater collected into cisterns
  • Rainwater is contaminated by sulfuric dust from Mount Yasur, an active volcano
  • SOURCE System provides clean drinking water and is expected to be relatively unaffected by windstorms and air pollution 
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/4/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
Case 22: Three Blue Ducks (Restaurant) at The Farm, Byron Bay, New South Wales, Australia
Location: Byron Bay, New South Wales, Australia
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​​​​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 10 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 50 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Enabled restaurant to stop relying on bottled and filtered water 
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/4/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
  • https://www.threeblueducks.com/source-water-project/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
Case 23: Whisper Valley Community Clubhouse, Austin, Texas, USA 
Location: Austin, Texas, USA
Installation completion date: circa 2018
​​​​​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Provided alternative to bottled water at community clubhouse
  • Helped provide clean drinking water to residents during a boil-water advisory period in 2018
​​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/4/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
  • https://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/east-travis-county-community-using-sun-air-to-make-clean-drinking-water/269-608141376 [accessed 2019-10-22]
Case 24: Samburu Girls Foundation Campus, Samburu, Kenya
Location: Samburu, Kenya
Installation completion date: 2018
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 40 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 200 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Campus had no nearby drinking water supply
  • Students had to walk 3 km to a river to fetch poor quality water
  • SOURCE Hydropanels now provide drinking water for about 200 students
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/4/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
Case 25: Elmswood Farm, Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia
Location: Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia
Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 2 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 10 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Supplements existing rainwater harvesting
  • Eliminated bottled water purchases
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/5/ [accessed 2019-10-22]
Case 26: Arizona State University California Center, Santa Monica, California, USA 
Location: Santa Monica, California, USA
​Installation completion date: 2017
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Serves a dispenser in an event space (75 people)
  • Offsets bottled water purchases
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/na/library/page/5/ [accessed 2019-12-02]
  • https://ktla.com/2017/06/12/these-solar-panels-generate-drinking-water-from-the-air/ [accessed 2019-12-02]
Case 27: Seda Vertis North Hotel, Quezon City, Philippines
Location: Quezon City, Philippines
Installation completion date: Unknown
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Drinking water for a rooftop restaurant and bar
  • Reduced use of bottled water and associated single-use plastic waste
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/applications-library/page/8/ [accessed 2020-02-12]
Case 28: MASDAR Park, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Location: Abu Dhabi, UAE
​Installation completion date: Unknown
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 4 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 20 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Drinking water for a public park
  • Reduced use of bottled water and associated single-use plastic waste
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/applications-library/page/8/ [accessed 2020-02-12]
Case 29: Moca Fire Station, Moca, Puerto Rico
Location: Moca, Puerto Rico
​​Installation completion date: Unknown
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 7 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 35 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Off-grid, independent source of drinking water
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/applications-library/page/8/ [accessed 2020-02-12]
Case 30: Western Australian Police Force, Joondalup, Western Australia
Location: Joondalup, Western Australia
​​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 8 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 40 L/day
Challenges met:
  • Practical sustainability demonstration by a public service agency
  • Drinking water for staff and visitors
​​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/applications-library/page/8/ [accessed 2020-02-12]
Case 31: Platinum Heritage Desert Safaris
Location: Murqab, Dubai, UAE
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 100 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 500 L/day
  • The 100 Hydropanels are installed on the ground in a 10 panel x 10 panel array
Challenges met:
  • Sustainable drinking water supply for guests of the safari company
  • Avoids wasting water in filtration processes
  • Avoids use of plastic water bottles and associated waste
​Other interesting information:
  • Zero Mass Water (ZMW) owns the SOURCE Field
  • Water Purchase Agreement between Platinum Heritage Desert Safaris and ZMW is for purchase of a specified volume of water per month 
Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/renewable-drinking-water-zero-mass-water-introduces-source-fields-and-water-as-a-service-model/ [accessed 2020-06-24]
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/wp-content/uploads/sites/1/2019/10/SOURCE_Customer-Story_Platinum-Heritage-Desert-Safaris.pdf [accessed 2020-06-24]
  • https://www.platinum-heritage.com [accessed 2020-06-24]
Case 32: Blue Eyes Bottled Drinking Water
Location: Lahbab, Dubai, UAE
​System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • 548 Hydropanels; a 2-panel array is rated at up to 10 L/day water production; therefore, water production potential is about 2740 L/day
  • The Hydropanels are installed on the ground in an array
​Challenges met:
  • Sustainable drinking water supply for customers of a private water bottling company
  • Avoids use of desalination or municipal water
​​Other interesting information:
  • Zero Mass Water (ZMW) owns the SOURCE Field
  • Water Purchase Agreement between Blue Eyes and ZMW is for purchase of a specified volume of water per month
  • The water is filled into recyclable glass bottles 
​Public information sources:
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/renewable-drinking-water-zero-mass-water-introduces-source-fields-and-water-as-a-service-model/ [accessed 2020-06-24]
  • https://www.zeromasswater.com/rexi/wp-content/uploads/sites/1/2019/12/SOURCE_Customer-Story_Blue-Eyes.pdf [accessed 2020-06-24]
  • https://www.linkedin.com/company/blue-eyes-bottled-drinking-water/ [accessed 2020-06-24]
  • https://gulfnews.com/photos/business/a-us-firm-is-turning-arabian-desert-air-into-bottled-water-1.1594718040957 [accessed 2020-07-15; this story has several photos by the Bloomberg photographer]
Case 33: Warm Springs Reservation, Central Oregon
Location: Warm Springs Reservation, Oregon, USA
System specifications:
  • Type, model: Liquid desiccant and solar thermal means, SOURCE Hydropanel 
  • "In Warm Springs, the field of panels in the industrial park can make hundreds of gallons of water per day." (Cureton, 2021)
  • The Hydropanels are installed on the ground in an array
Challenges met:
  • "On the Warm Springs reservation in Central Oregon, a community water system serving more than 3,000 people needs an overhaul. Repairs could take years. Now, tribal leaders want an emerging technology to leapfrog broken pipes." (Cureton,, 2021)
  • The SOURCE Hydropanels provided a partial solution for drinking water supply in the community
Other interesting information:
  • "A pair of anonymous donors brought the project to the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs government, and paid for its first phase. Recently, the Tribal Council agreed to spend COVID relief money on an expansion. Souers has hopes of someday bottling and selling hyrdopanel [sic] water for profit. But for now, it’s a stop gap." (Cureton, 2021)
​Public information sources:
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